Renewable Energy Sector |
Country
Description
Area: 7, 96,096 sq km
Population: 160,417,000
Population density: 201.50 persons per sq km.
|
Electrical
Energy Sector Overview: |
Total
Installed Capacity: 19,505 MW
Energy Sources (> 1%)
|
| Thermal
(fossil-fuels) |
12,580
MW |
65% |
| Hydel |
6,463 MW |
33% |
| Nuclear |
462 MW |
2% |
|
Electrical
Energy Market |
The
generation, transmission, distribution and retail supply
of electricity in Pakistan is presently undertaken by two
vertically integrated public sector utilities, with significant
contribution to generation from various private Independent
Power Producers (“IPPs”). These utilities are
the Water and Power Development Authority (“WAPDA”)
and the Karachi Electric Supply Corporation (“KESC”).
WAPDA supplies power to all of Pakistan except the metropolitan
city of Karachi and some of its surrounding areas which
are supplied by KESC. WAPDA is the largest Power utility
of the country with a Customer base of over 10 Million.
WAPDA’s distribution network has been divided into
eight electric supply / distribution companies (DISCOs),
structured in line with modern management practices. WAPDA’s
thermal power generation facilities have been restructured
and incorporated to form three generation companies (GENCOs).
In addition, a National Transmission and Despatch Company
(NTDC) has been incorporated to perform transmission and
despatch functions. |
Presently,
the total installed electricity generation capacity in the
country is about 19,505 MW. In the total installed capacity,
the share of public sector is around 70%, and the private
sector is 30%. An additional 6,428 MW are planned to be
added to this installed electricity generation capacity
by the year 2010 through the IPPs, including 700 MW of Wind
Power. The rising share of private sector in electricity
generation and presence of some of the leading foreign and
local companies in this business, are evidence of Pakistan
being an ideal investment destination. |
Wind
Energy Sector Overview: |
225
wind water pumping systems have been installed in Balochistan.
Over 140 micro wind turbines of 500 Watts each are operational
in Sindh and Balochistan, providing electricity to 691 houses
in eighteen (18) remote, off-grid villages. |
Alternative
Energy Development Board (AEDB) has been assigned by the
Government of Pakistan with the target of producing 700
MW of Wind Power by the year 2010 and 9700 MW by the year
2030, through the private sector. Currently, there are 84
IPPs in the country, who are planning to install 50 MW wind
farm each, on a “BOO” or “BOOT”
basis, under the Policy for Development of Renewable Energy
for Power Generation 2006 issued by the Government of Pakistan.
|
Wind
Energy Resource Assessment |
Currently
there is no Wind Atlas available for Pakistan. Pakistan
Meteorological Department has conducted a detailed Wind
Power Potential Survey of Coastal Areas of Pakistan. This
study has enabled to identify the potential areas where
economically feasible wind farms can be established. AEDB
is in the process of getting this data validated by RisØe
National Laboratory of Denmark. Potential areas cover 9700
sq. km in Sindh, with suitable average annual wind speed
of 7 m/s at 30 meters. The gross wind power potential of
this area is 43000 MW and keeping in view the area utilization
constrains etc. the exploitable electric power generation
potential of this area is estimated to be about 11000 MW. |
AEDB,
in collaboration with USAID and NREL, has carried out Satellite
Wind Resource Assessment of the entire country, which would
help to identify specific high-value areas for conducting
project specific on-site assessments and development. |
Wind
Energy Legislation |
•
Central Board of Revenue, Government of Pakistan, Statutory
Regulatory Order (SRO) No. 500(I)/2004 dated 12th June 2004
exempts all imported plant, machinery and equipment for
Renewable Energy Power Generation Projects (including Wind
energy) from Sales Tax. |
•
Central Board of Revenue, Government of Pakistan, Statutory
Regulatory Order (SRO) No. 441(I)/2004 dated 12th June 2004
exempts all imported plant, machinery and equipment for
Renewable Energy Power Generation Projects (including Wind
energy) from Income Tax. |
•
Central Board of Revenue, Government of Pakistan, Statutory
Regulatory Order (SRO) No. 454(I)/2004 dated 12th June 2004
exempts all imported plant, machinery and equipment for
Renewable Energy Power Generation Projects (including Wind
energy) from Customs Duty. |
The
Policy for Development of Renewable Energy for Power Generation
2006 provides various incentives to the private sector (other
than those mentioned above) for installing Wind Power Projects,
including a unique concept of “Wind Risk Coverage”.
Wind Risk is defined as the risk of variability of wind
speed, and therefore of the effective energy output of the
wind IPP. This risk shall be absorbed by the power purchaser,
i.e., Government of Pakistan. The principle to be adopted
is that the wind IPP will be made immune to factors which
are beyond its control (i.e., variability of wind speeds),
but fully responsible for factors within its control (i.e.,
the availability of the plant). |
Wind
Energy Projects (> 1 MW) |
Currently
there is no wind farm of MW capacity installed in the country.
Alternative Energy Development Board is also implementing
a plan for indigenous manufacturing of Micro Wind Turbines
which would play a part in creating job opportunities and
poverty alleviation in the country, as well as develop the
technological database and infrastructure for manufacturing
of Wind Turbines in Pakistan. |
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